The current time-of-use electricity pricing system, prevalent in various provinces and cities such as Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei, Shanghai, Anhui, Guangdong, and Hainan, facilitates two daily charge-discharge cycles, addressing the requirements of industrial and commercial energy storage. Generally, two peak periods are established each day with a price differential between them, allowing charging during off-peak or regular times and discharging during peak periods.
The growing peak-to-valley price disparities render industrial and commercial energy storage increasingly economically viable across numerous provinces. In January 2023, the National Development and Reform Commission endorsed direct participation of industrial and. . .
